Mobile Leaded Barriers

Radiation Barriers FAQ

• What Is Lead Shielding In Radiology?

  Lead shielding in radiology refers to the use of lead or lead-lined materials to block radiation exposure that clinicians are exposed to regularly. Shielding is a crucial part of the principles of ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) recommended by the CDC and other governing bodies. Healthcare workers often use radiation protection while operating equipment such as X-rays, C-arms, and fluoroscopy that emit radiation during use.

  There are many types of shielding devices you may see in use in healthcare facilities. A common option is lead shield aprons that drape from the shoulders to just above the knees. Lead aprons protect crucial organs, such as the heart, lungs, breasts, and reproductive organs.

  Additionally, you may see clinicians use other types of lead shields for X-rays that provide additional protection to other exposed areas of the body, such as thyroid shields, gloves, glasses, or mobile lead barriers .To meet the diverse requirements of medical facilities, we also provide radiation shielding solutions tailored for both structural and personal protection.

• Does Lead Shielding Stop Radiation?

  The high density of lead allows it to slow and absorb radiation before it reaches clinicians wearing protective garments or standing behind mobile barriers. Several studies show that lead shielding is highly effective, including:

  • Research from the Journal of Clinical Orthopedic Trauma found that 0.5 mm lead aprons, vests, or skirts could attenuate up to 99% of radiation.
  • A study published in Spine found that a snug lead thyroid collar could reduce radiation doses to the thyroid gland by approximately 8.5 times.
  • A study from the Korean Journal of Pain found that 0.5-0.75 mm lead glasses could attenuate up to 95% of radiation.
  • Research published in BMJ Open found that mobile lead barriers in combination with other PPE, such as lead aprons and thyroid collars, significantly reduced radiation doses while performing extended procedures using fluoroscopy.

  Based on that data, shielding is highly effective and worthwhile for many procedures in radiology that could otherwise put healthcare workers at risk when regularly exposed to radiation.

• Why Is Lead Shielding Not Used Anymore?

  When you hear that lead shielding isn’t used anymore, it’s likely referring to regulation changes in dentistry.

  In February 2024, the American Dental Association (ADA) updated its guidelines, stating that lead aprons and thyroid collars were no longer necessary for dental X-rays when offices use modern equipment that’s properly calibrated. Modern dental X-rays emit much lower radiation doses than pose less risk when capturing a quick image.

  However, that change doesn’t apply to medical procedures using equipment that emits much higher radiation doses.

  For example, research from AORN showed that the average C-arm emits 2 rem (20 mSv) of radiation per minute. AORN emphasizes the importance of adhering to the ALARA principles, including the use of lead shielding, to ensure the safety of healthcare workers during C-arm-guided procedures.

  The FDA also states that fluoroscopy emits relatively high radiation doses and recommends using shielding for occupational safety.

  When making important radiation safety decisions, you should consult with your facility’s radiation safety officer (RSO) to ensure the appropriate type of shielding is used during each procedure.

• What Are The Three Types Of Shielding In Radiology?

  The three types of shielding in radiology are:

  1. Primary shielding: Fixed lead shield walls fall under the primary shielding category. These are structural barriers built into medical imaging rooms to shield clinicians from radiation. However, some procedures, such as interventional surgery using C-arm fluoroscopy, require the physician to operate right next to the radiation source, so fixed walls aren’t the only solution you need to reduce exposure.
  2. Secondary shielding: Mobile lead shields fall under secondary shielding. They can act as an additional layer of protection during unpredictable or extended procedures. A study from the International Atomic Energy Agency showed high effectiveness rates using them as an additional protective measure. Facilities can also use lead shield anchors to hold mobile shields in place in operating rooms.
  3. Personal protective equipment (PPE): PPE refers to all wearable shielding, such as lead aprons, thyroid collars, glasses, gloves, vests, and skirts. The CDC recommends selecting PPE based on the needs and risks associated with each procedure. Your facility’s RSO can assist with selecting effective PPE.
• What Is The Best Material To Block Radiation?

  Lead is one of the best materials to block radiation because of its high density. It’s been successfully used for radiation shielding in healthcare facilities for decades.

  However, lead shielding isn’t the only option available. Alternatives to lead shields are growing in popularity, especially for wearable garments such as lead aprons.

  The main issue some clinicians have with lead aprons is that the weight can cause excessive fatigue during extended use. A study from the Korean Journal of Pain states that the average lead apron weighs 7 kg (approximately 15 lbs), which is a considerable amount of weight to have hanging from the shoulders throughout a long shift.

  A study from the Journal of Biomedical Physics & Engineering lists several lead-free alternatives that have a high density and are often lighter than lead, such as:

  • Tungsten
  • Tin
  • Antimony
  • Bismuth
  • Barium

  Current research shows that the intensity of procedures matters when selecting materials. For example, a study from the European Journal of Radiology found that lead-free aprons performed about the same as traditional lead aprons at lower intensities below 90 kVp. However, as intensities increased above 90 kVp, traditional lead performed better.

  Therefore, while lead-free options have use cases to reduce fatigue, it’s important to consult with your RSO for the safety and shielding needs of individual procedures.

• What Are Best Practices For Shield Use And Maintenance?

  The shielding used in medical facilities must be regularly maintained to ensure it remains clean, safe, and effective throughout its lifespan.

  We recommend performing annual inspections using X-ray scanning for PPE, such as lead aprons. A study from the Journal of Health Physics found that even small damage could progress rapidly, with small tears increasing by up to 270% in 10 months, so it’s important to identify defects early.

  Deep cleaning and disinfection are also essential since protective garments can become contaminated with harmful microorganisms during regular use. A study by Dr. Jaber of Wayne State found that 84% of lead aprons were contaminated with Tinea species (ringworm) and Staphylococcus aureus, which require deep cleaning to remove.

  We provide services that can help with these elements at Radiological Care Services (RCS). We offer deep cleaning and disinfection, inspections using radiographic scanning, garment repairs, garment disposal, and inventory management with our RadComply™ software.

  Contact us today to learn more about how we can help.

• What are mobile radiation shields used for in healthcare?

  Mobile radiation shields are a specific type of radiation protection equipment often found in facilities that perform fluoroscopy, C-arm guided surgery, interventional radiology, cath lab procedures, and diagnostic imaging procedures. They are designed to provide reliable full-body X-ray and fluoroscopy protection.

  Because they are made with medical-grade casters, mobile radiation shields are a versatile option for high-exposure, dynamic environments where ceiling-mounted, permanent X-ray shielding options are unavailable or impractical.

• What level of lead equivalency do I need for mobile radiation shields?

  While specific requirements depend on your radiation source and intensity and whether you’re shielding from scatter or primary radiation, a minimum of 0.5 mm lead equivalency is typically required for protection against scatter radiation. 

  Many mobile barriers are designed with opaque, lead-lined lower panels (2.0 mm Pb) for maximum shielding, along with clear, lead-glass or acrylic windows (typically rated at 0.5 mm Pb) that enable visibility.

  Consult your Radiation Safety Officer for recommendations based on your specific use case, like X-ray or fluoroscopy, as well as dose levels and procedure duration.

• How easy are mobile radiation barriers to move and reposition?

  Mobile radiation shields are specifically designed to be easy to move and reposition, a clear advantage over ceiling- or wall-mounted barriers. They feature durable, medical-grade casters that can swivel and lock, allowing smooth movement (when unlocked) and stability (when locked). 

   

  Many mobile lead barriers are also designed with ergonomic handles, low-profile bases that easily fit underneath equipment, and stable designs that are less likely to tip over while being moved.

• Do mobile lead barriers replace lead aprons and other PPE?

  Mobile radiation barriers are not meant as a replacement for lead aprons and other PPE; instead, they should always be used in tandem with other radiation safety devices and measures like protective lead aprons, thyroid shields, and gloves. 

  Recent research has found that proper shielding measures (combining radiation shields with essential PPE) attenuate scatter radiation by as much as 90% during fluoroscopy procedures. While PPE such as lead aprons and gloves protects patients and equipment operators, shielding barriers help to keep ancillary personnel safe.

• What maintenance and inspection requirements do mobile radiation barriers have?

  Mobile radiation barriers should be maintained according to the manufacturer’s Instructions for Use (IFUs). Following the manufacturer’s guidance is essential to ensure the barrier continues to provide the intended level of radiation protection and structural safety.

  Regular inspection and preventative maintenance help extend the lifespan of shielding equipment and reduce the risk of compromised protection.

  Key maintenance considerations include:

  • Leaded glass or acrylic viewing windows: Inspect routinely for chips, cracks, clouding, or signs of separation from the frame. Any structural damage can affect both visibility and shielding integrity.
    
  • Shielding panels and frames: Check for dents, warping, loose hardware, or visible damage to the protective material.
    
  • Wheels and casters: Ensure smooth movement and confirm that locking mechanisms engage securely. Damaged or unstable casters can create safety hazards and reduce proper positioning during procedures.

  If damage is identified, the barrier should be evaluated promptly. Depending on the issue, repair may be possible. If shielding integrity is compromised, the unit should be removed from service and replaced according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.

  Your Radiation Safety Officer should take the lead in implementing, managing, and enforcing your organization’s protection program, ensuring safety as well as regulatory compliance and Joint Commission audit preparedness.

• How should mobile radiation shields be cleaned and disinfected?

  Mobile radiation shields should be cleaned and disinfected strictly according to the manufacturer’s Instructions for Use (IFUs). 

  Always use only approved disinfectants and soft, non-abrasive materials such as microfiber cloths to protect shielding panels and viewing windows. Harsh or unapproved chemicals can damage leaded acrylic, protective coverings, and seams over time.

   Improper cleaning may also reduce the lifespan of the barrier and void the manufacturer’s warranty. When in doubt, consult the manufacturer or distributor before using a new cleaning product.

• When should a mobile lead barrier be taken out of service?

  A mobile lead barrier should be evaluated for removal from service whenever there are signs of damage or compromised structural integrity. Determining whether a barrier must be decommissioned should be based on the manufacturer’s Instructions for Use (IFUs) and your facility’s radiation safety protocols.

  Visible issues such as cracks in leaded viewing panels, separation of shielding material, frame instability, or malfunctioning casters may indicate that the barrier requires repair or replacement. Because shielding performance can be affected by structural damage, any concerns should be reviewed promptly by your Radiation Safety Officer or appropriate technical authority.

• What documentation is required for mobile radiation barriers?

  You should maintain accurate, up-to-date records for mobile radiation barriers and related equipment, including their purchase date, lead equivalence ratings, manufacturer specifications, and all inspection logs. These records should clearly document any damage, repairs, or maintenance performed in order to maintain regulatory compliance and be audit-ready.

• Are there situations where mobile radiation barriers should not be used?

  There are certain situations in which mobile radiation barriers are not the ideal option, such as environments with strong magnetic fields, like an MRI suite (unless using radiation barriers with MRI-safe ratings).

  Mobile radiation barriers are an important tool for supporting ALARA compliance by helping reduce scatter radiation exposure to staff during imaging procedures. When positioned appropriately, they provide an added layer of protection while maintaining efficient clinical workflow. In smaller or crowded spaces, they may sometimes interfere with workflow, patient positioning, emergency access, or equipment movement. When placement becomes challenging, facilities should evaluate whether the barrier’s positioning supports both radiation protection and overall procedural safety.

  Whenever you’re concerned about whether a barrier could interfere with procedure requirements or compromise safety, you should consult your Radiation Safety Officer, whose primary responsibility is the implementation and management of a radiation safety program.

• How do lead-free mobile barriers compare to traditional lead shields?

  The protection offered by traditional lead and modern lead-free mobile barriers is roughly comparable, although their effectiveness also depends on material composition and radiation levels. That’s why it’s always important to verify lead equivalency ratings before purchasing to ensure they will meet your facility’s shielding requirements.

  While traditional lead barriers remain the most proven, cost-effective option, lead-free alternatives may offer environmental and disposal-related advantages. Another key difference between lead barriers and their lead-based counterparts is their weight, as lead-free composite barriers are often lighter because they’re made of materials like bismuth, tungsten, and antimony.

• What size mobile radiation shield do I need for my facility?

  It depends on your facility’s access points and procedure room dimensions.

  • Procedure room dimensions: You need to consider the dimensions of your procedure room(s) and choose your barriers accordingly. While mobile radiation shields are known for their versatility, if they take up too much space, they can limit technicians’ ability to do their job. In most environments, it’s worth first considering standard sizes of lead barriers for hospitals, such as 30” x 75”. For unique space constraints or specific protection requirements, custom configurations are also often available.
  • Facility access points: The last thing you want to do is invest in radiation shields that will be difficult to get into your actual facility. Be sure to measure doorways, elevators, and tight corridors as you begin evaluating your options.
• What's included when purchasing mobile radiation shields through RadCare Services?

  RCS offers high-quality radiation protection equipment, including mobile radiation shields, from brands like Burlington Medical and Techno-Aide. In addition to these products, RCS can also provide maintenance support, inspection services, and inventory tracking through RadComply®. Schedule a quick, no-pressure consultation today to learn more.

• What types of radiation barriers are available for healthcare facilities?

  Effective radiation barriers come in a variety of types, including overhead suspended shields, radiation table drapes, and wall-mounted and mobile lead barriers. 

  Mobile barriers are especially popular, mainly due to their flexibility. They are easy to reposition from one setting to another, while locking securely in place during use. You can find mobile radiation barriers with leaded glass or acrylic windows for visibility, while opaque panels provide maximum protection. 

• How do radiation barriers protect against scatter radiation?

  When properly implemented, barriers positioned between a radiation source and staff decrease exposure by as much as 90%, providing an effective option for C-arm, fluoroscopy, and interventional imaging procedures. 

  Like other radiation protection equipment, the effectiveness of mobile barriers is primarily due to the materials used in their construction, as lead’s high atomic density is capable of attenuating radiation.

• What lead equivalency do I need for a mobile radiation barrier?

  For effective protection, facilities should seek out radiation barriers with a minimum lead equivalency of 0.5 mm Pb, which blocks 90% or more of scatter radiation. 

  In higher-exposure environments, lead barrier shields with higher lead equivalency, like 2.0 mm Pb, should be considered. Consult your facility’s Radiation Safety Officer to help determine the appropriate lead equivalency for a given procedure room.

• When should facilities use mobile barriers instead of lead aprons?

  Choosing the right X-ray barriers in healthcare settings plays an important role in protecting patients and staff from excessive exposure. Whenever staff must remain near a patient during lengthy fluoroscopy or C-arm procedures, mobile radiation barriers should be used. Ideally, though, mobile barriers will be used in addition to other protective measures, such as lead aprons, rather than in place of them. 

  Mobile radiation barriers are suited to versatile settings, including interventional radiology, cardiology, and other environments with the potential for extended radiation exposure. They also contribute to the comfort and mobility of technicians by reducing the musculoskeletal strain that can develop from the use of lead aprons, which can weigh 15 pounds or more.

• How much do radiation barriers typically cost?

  While radiation barriers come in a variety of types, basic versions start around $500 to $1,000. As you start looking at more expensive options, you can expect full-featured models (like those with larger viewing windows) to cost at least 2-3 times more. 

  Several variables impact the price, including lead equivalency (higher levels provide greater protection), viewing window material (glass vs. acrylic, for example), overall dimensions (larger barriers are typically more expensive), and any customization options offered.

  RadCare Services (RCS) provides a range of high-quality radiation barriers, lead aprons, table drapes, and protective gloves, as well as cleaning and disinfection services, garment repairs, and effortless inventory management with a proprietary RadComply® platform.

• What features should I look for in a mobile lead barrier?

  Some of the most important features to consider when evaluating portable radiation shields include:

  • Heavy-duty locking casters, which enable smooth maneuverability and stable positioning during procedures
  • Large viewing windows (24” x 30”) made with high-quality leaded glass, to provide maximal clarity, high attenuation, and scratch resistance
  • Powder-coated steel frames for increased durability and corrosion resistance

  It’s also worth discussing customization with your radiation barrier vendor. Customization options can include custom sizing/dimensions, lead equivalency variations, and specialized materials for increased durability and easier cleaning. 

• What's the difference between leaded glass and acrylic barrier windows?

  While both leaded glass and acrylic barrier windows are made of specialized, transparent materials that protect personnel from excessive radiation exposure, there are a few key differences to consider. 

  • Windows made of leaded glass (2.0 mm Pb) are heavier and more expensive than their leaded acrylic counterparts, but they offer maximum protection and shatter resistance.
  • Leaded acrylic (0.5 mm PB) windows are lighter and more affordable than leaded glass but less appropriate for high-volume, high-exposure imaging environments due to their lower lead equivalency level.

  The right choice for your facility depends on variables like procedure types, budget, and the recommendations of your organization’s Radiation Safety Officer.

• Are radiation barriers required for regulatory compliance?

  The Joint Commission (TJC) maintains specific standards related to MRI, CT, and fluoroscopy radiation safety. By closely adhering to these requirements, facilities can ensure patient safety while avoiding “unnecessary or inappropriate fluoroscopy dosing” and “excessive CT radiation.”

  If there’s one common theme that connects TJC’s recommendations, it’s the importance of managing imaging safety risks through environmental risk reduction. This includes using radiation protection equipment like lead aprons and mobile radiation protection barriers.

  TJC created the ALARA (As Low as Reasonably Achievable) principle for mitigating radiation exposure. Key elements of the ALARA framework include minimizing exposure times, maximizing distance from radiation sources, and using proper shielding (including mobile radiation barriers).

• How do I maintain and inspect radiation barriers?

  Through careful use and preventive maintenance, facilities can maximize the effectiveness and functional lifespan of radiation barriers. 

  • Cleaning and Maintenance: Radiation barriers should be cleaned and disinfected on a regular basis. You can clean a radiation shield’s frame with non-ammonia, non-chlorine cleaners, but never use harsh chemicals on leaded glass windows.
  • Inspection: In order to detect internal lead degradation or cracks in shielding panels, radiation barriers should undergo annual X-ray inspection. Immediately discontinue the use of compromised barriers until they have been properly repaired or replaced.

  
  Storage: Proper storage increases the lifespan of radiation barriers. Avoid exposure to extreme heat or direct sunlight, and prevent accidental movement by locking a mobile radiation shield’s casters.

• Can radiation barriers be customized for my facility?

  Yes, most radiation barrier manufacturers offer custom sizing, window configurations, and lead equivalency levels, so their products can be tailored to specific procedure room layouts. Many will also let you specify height adjustments, frame colors, and even facility branding and logos (on request). 

  As you might expect, customized barriers can take a little longer to receive from the manufacturer (by a few days or weeks) and could increase costs, but they are worth the investment if they better fit your facility’s radiation protection needs. In addition to a wide range of standard barrier types, RCS also offers customizable radiation protection, including mobile barriers and protective drapes tailored to your facility’s specifications.

• Where can I purchase radiation barriers for my healthcare facility?

  Radiation barriers can be purchased directly from specialized manufacturers (such as Burlington Medical and Techno-Aide) or from a supplier like RCS that also offers lead aprons, radiation protection gloves, and even inventory management services.

   

  At RCS, we help facilities move beyond transactional purchasing. Our team evaluates your clinical environment, workflow, and regulatory requirements to recommend the right barriers and protective equipment for your specific use case. 

  What sets RCS apart is our ability to integrate products with ongoing support. Through services such as professional deep cleaning, complimentary repairs, annual integrity inspections, and inventory management through RadComply®, we help facilities extend garment life, maintain compliance, and reduce long-term costs. The result is a stronger return on investment and greater confidence in your radiation safety program.

  If you are evaluating radiation barrier options, schedule a consultation with an RCS specialist. We will help you identify the right products and build a protection program that keeps your patients and staff safe while supporting regulatory compliance.